The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite and two bioactive glasses (Bioglass 45S5, Bioglass 52S) using cell culture techniques and subcutaneous implantation.
Using the culture of L929 fibroblast (ATCC), total cell numbers and vital cell number were counted and the ratios of vital cell number to the total cell number were calculated on 2nd, 4th, and 6th experimental day. The succinate dehydrogenase
activity
was tested by Millipore filter method, and the change of cell membrane permeability was tested by agar overlay method. Using the subcutaneous implantation in guinea pig, capsules surrounding implant materials were examined under the light and
electron
microscopes.
@ES The results were as follows :
@EN 1. In all experimental group and negative centrol group, the total number of fibroblasts was gradually increased for experimental periods, so all experimental group didn't show cytotoxicity. However, copper group exhibited severe
cytotoxicity.
2. The survival rates of fibroblasts in the all experimental groups were similar with those of negative control group, except the Bioglass 45S5 and Bioglass 52S of the second day.
3. In the test of succinate dehydrogenase activity by Millipore filter method, there were no cytotoxicities in all experimental groups.
4. In the test of the change of cell membrane permeability by agar overlay method, hydroxyapatite group and Bioglass 45S5 group showed no cytotoxicity, but, Bioglass 52S group exhibited mild to moderate cytotoxicity.
5. In the test of tissue reaction by subcutaneous implantation, at 2 weeks after implantation, the capsules surrounding hydroxyapatite, Bioglass 45S5 and Bioglass 52S were well developed with active fibroblasts and collagen fiber. After 12
weeks,
capsules surrounding all experimental implants, mental implants, decreased in thickness, and composed of the excessively elongated fibroblasts and thick collagenous fibers. Therefore, all materials were acceptable for in vivo usage.
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